英语学习策略发展研究的回顾与展望

英语学习策略的发展是动态的过程.策略在一生中不是固定的,通过自然发展和训练而改变.本文从英语策略的自然发展和训练获得两条线索对英语策略的发展进行了一个全面梳理与总结.英语策略在自然发展上存在关键期,认知策略在学习初期,对学习作用十分明显.但随着年级提高,认知策略在学习中的作用越来越让位于其它策略.元认知策略、社会支持策略和情感策略随着年级的升高,作用越来越明显.英语策略的训练对学生成绩提高有效果,尤其对于中下水平学生效果更明显.但在策略训练中,要特别防止学生策略"利用性缺陷"的产生.

The Retrospect and Prospect of Research on the Development of English Learning Strategies

English learning strategy is not fixed during the life.It varies in different stages and can be developed by training in a dynamic process along with natural development.This issue wholly summarizes the development of English learning strategy from two clues: natural development and training.There is a key stage in English learning strategy.Cognitive strategy plays an important role in English learning achievement at the beginning,but it is replaced by other strategies with the increase of their grade.Metecognitive strategy,social supportive strategy and emotional strategy become more and more important with the increase of their grade.In general,the training of English learning strategy can improve the students' English achievement,especially for the students who are in the middle and lower level.And during the training,we should focus on the strategy utilization deficiency.