磷酸铁锂正极材料的研究现状

磷酸铁锂正极材料具有比容量大、安全性高、性价比高以及循环寿命长等优点，被认为是最具应用前景的锂离子电池正极材料之一。论述了橄榄石型磷酸铁锂的晶体结构特征以及充放电反应机制，综述了近年来采用葡萄糖、活性碳和石墨烯等不同的碳源进行碳包覆, 硫离子、镁离子、镍离子、氟离子、钒离子、钠离子和银离子等不同金属离子和非金属离子进行离子掺杂以及蒸发诱导自组装法、碳热还原法和喷雾干燥法等不同合成方法进行材料纳米化等改性方式对锂离子电池磷酸铁锂正极材料的影响。最后简要分析了目前改性方法仍存在的问题，并对其前景进行了展望。

Research Status of Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode Materials

Lithium iron phosphate is considered as one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity, high safety, high cost performance and long cycle life. The crystal structure and charge discharge reaction mechanism of olivine-type lithium iron phosphate were discussed. The effect of recent modification methods, such as carbon coating by using glucose, activated carbon, graphene and other different carbon sources, doping by sulfur, magnesium, nickel, fluorine, vanadium, sodium, silver and other metal ions and non-metal ions, and nanocrystallization by evaporation induced self-assembly, carbothermal reduction, spray drying and other methods, on lithium iron phosphate cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries were reviewed. Finally, the existing problems of the modification methods were briefly analyzed, and the prospect of the modification methods was prospected.