波浪作用下油脂冰内溢油行为物理模拟实验技术

为在实验室条件下研究波浪-油脂冰、波浪-油脂冰-溢油的相互作用,建立了与化学实验室相应水平量级的物理模拟实验技术.设计制作了微型波浪实验水槽,用化学实验室的振荡台作为动力源;水槽经过保温处理,能够在低温实验室使用;物理模拟水槽及测试设备等所使用的玻璃和塑料材料对溢油没有吸附.利用图像分析技术给出波浪要素.实验技术可控制油脂冰在波浪作用下总量保持不变.通过对系列实验结果分析,得到油脂冰制备温度条件以及波长、波高同振荡台传动臂调节孔位置、频率和水槽水深的关系,实现了对实验油脂冰厚度和波浪要素的控制.整套实验技术可以开展波浪、油脂冰与溢油相互作用的物理模拟.

Physical model technique on the behaviour of oil spills in grease ice under wave actions

For the laboratory studies of wave-grease ice and wave-grease ice-spilled oil,the physical simulation technique,which is similar to the level of energy and size in chemical laboratory was performed.A mini wave flume was treated with insulation material in its five sides and could be used in cold laboratory.A oscillator in chemical laboratory was selected as the dynamic power.The glass and plastic materials used for the flume and other test equipment did not absorb spilled oil.The wave parameters were obtained through photo monitor and image analysis technology.The experimental technique can keep the amount of grease ice unchanged under wave actions.The cold room preparation temperature for grease ice making and keeping,the relations of wave height and wave length with such factors as the location of regulation orifice of oscillator power transmission boom,oscillator frequencies and depth of water in flume were obtained by a series of cold laboratory tests and wave flume capability tests.The wave parameters can be controlled according to these relations.Hence,the whole physical simulation technique can be conducted in the tests of interactions among wave,grease ice and spilled oil.