油气储层研究进展与展望

油气储层的研究领域广泛,包括从宏观到微观、从地面到地下、从静态到动态、从勘探到开发。其中,储层的非均质性是目前人们最关心的问题。储层表现为非均质性,从沉积方面看是由沉积格局的复杂性和成岩变化的多样性造成的。原地应力几乎对所有的岩性都有影响,因而引起地球物理数据、岩石物性、岩石强度和可塑性及其变形和断裂机理上的变化。储层地质学家设计了储层的地质模型,描述储层的三维结构,认识其静态和动态特征,指导油气勘探和开发。储集岩类型中的泥页岩、砾岩和火山碎屑岩也是不容忽视的。地球物理学是储层研究中的一种重要手段,其前景广阔。

REVIEW OF THE STUDIES ON OIL AND GAS RESERVOIRS

The studies on oil and gas reservoirs cover a wide field,including static and dynamic analyses,petroleum exploration and development,macroscopic and microscopic methods,groundsurface and underground conditions.The heterogeneit of reservoirs was caused sedimentologically by the complexity of sedimentary frame works and diversity of diagenesis.The in-situ stress had an effect almost on all rocks,leading to variation of geophysical data,rock physical properties,rock strength,deformation and faulting mechanism.The reservoir geologists have designed geological models of reservoir to describe the 3-D structure of the reservoir and help hydrocarbon exploration and production.Simulations should be based on geological principles and indicators.In addition to sandstones and carbonatites,mud shales,conglomerates and volcanic elastics should also be taken into consideration as reservoirs.