水下被动定位方法回顾与展望

被动定位，特别是远程被动定位是声纳技术发展的关键和难点。为了提高声纳的探测性能，近年来，在传统的三子阵定位法基础上，出现了一此新的定位方法－－目标运动分析（TMA）和匹配场处理（MFP）。本文分别介绍了3种方法的基本原理及主要实现方式。分析了传统三子阵定位法的局限性。对目标运动分析和匹配场处理技术介绍了其研究热点和发展趋势，这两方面的研究相辅相成，成为今后一段时间内远程被动定位技术的发展方向。

An Overview of Passive Localization for Underwater Acoustics

The passive localization,particularly long range passive localization is the key problem for sonar system.Recently, considering the restriction of passive ranging from time delay, the new passive localization methods: target motion analysis(TMA) and matched field processing(MFP) are proposed for improving the performance of sonar system.This paper introduces the basic idea of these passive localization methods and the way of implementation.The emphases and the future for target motion analysis(TMA) and matched field processing(MFP) are presented.It becomes the trend of the long range passive localization combining the development of target motion analysis(TMA) abreast with matched field processing(MFP).