转子系统局部碰摩故障传递机制特性研究

旋转机械的高速化和高效化使系统转定子间的间隙越来越小,转子振动经常引发局部碰摩故障,进而使整个转子系统响应呈现非线性,影响系统的稳定运行,及时掌握碰摩转子系统的动力学特性为处理故障建立基础.以谐波平衡和有限元理论为基础,建立碰摩转子系统的有限元模型并利用系统振动响应各次谐波分量与频率响应矩阵之间的关系,提出转子系统局部碰摩故障传递机制,即系统某处发生故障后对其他位置产生的影响.通过数值仿真和实验验证了此机制的正确性.具有n个故障的转子系统,仅需要任意n+2个节点的响应就可以得到剩余所有节点的响应.对于不平衡、碰摩、不对中和裂纹等转子系统的常见故障,传递机制具有良好的适用性.

Research on Fault Transfer Mechanism of Local Rub in Rotor System

The clearance between rotor and stator in rotating machinery becomes smaller to supply high speed and efficient. Local rub failure often occurs which can lead to nonlinear response in the whole rotor system. Timely obtained dynamic characteristics are vital to the fault in rub rotor system. Based on the finite element and the harmonic balance theory， the relationship between harmonic components of vibration responses and frequency response matrix was used to obtain local rub failure transfer mechanism. Validity and robustness were verified by numerical simulations and experiments. Responses of n+2 nodes were needed to obtain responses of the all remaining nodes in n malfunctions of rotor system. The transfer mechanism has a good applicability in rotor system aiming at the rub， misalignment， unbalance and crack.