日照港岚山港区附近海域秋季浮游动物群落结构特征

为了解秋季日照港岚山港区附近海域浮游动物状况,并初步探讨该海域浮游动物群落结构特征与围填海工程的关系,本研究以2019年11月在该海域的调查数据为基础,并结合2010年、2013年、2016年的调查资料,分析该海域浮游动物的群落结构特征及变化情况。2019年11月日照港岚山港区附近海域共发现浮游动物31种,平均生物量(湿重)为66.0mg/m3,平均丰度为35.8ind/m3,调查海域浮游动物丰度和生物量平面分布基本一致,总体上呈近岸高、远岸低,港区内低、港区外高的趋势;调查海域的优势种为强壮箭虫Sagitta crassa、薮枝螅水母Obelia spp.和五角水母Muggiaea atlantica;多样性指数为0.41—3.01,平均为1.61。综合分析2010—2019年4次秋季的调查数据,日照港岚山港区附近海域浮游动物种类组成比例有所波动,节肢动物所占比例先降低后升高,腔肠动物所占比例先升高后降低;种类数和丰度呈先降低后升高趋势,生物量和多样性指数呈先升高后降低趋势。调查海域浮游动物种类数量和丰度在波动趋势上与所在海域围填海工程的建设进展存在一定的响应关系,但浮游动物生物量、多样性指数与调查海域围填海工程持续建设响应关系不明显。

Community Structure Characteristics of Zooplankton in the Sea Area near Lanshan Port of Rizhao Port in Autumn

In order to know the status of zooplankton in the sea area near Lanshan Port of Rizhao Port in autumn,and to initially explore the relationship between the characteristics of zooplankton community structure and the reclamation project in this sea area,based on the investigation data in this area in November 2019,combined with the survey data in 2010,2013,and 2016,the characteristics and changes of zooplankton community structure in the sea area were analyzed.In November 2019,a total of 31 zooplankton species were found in the sea area near Lanshan Port of Rizhao Port,with an average biomass (wet weight) of 66.0 mg/m³ and an average abundance of 35.8 ind/m³.The plane distribution of zooplankton abundance and biomass in the investigation sea area was basically the same,generally showing a trend of high near shore,low far shore,low in the port area and high outside the port area.The dominant species of zooplankton were Sagitta crassa,Obelia spp.and Muggiaea atlantica.The range of diversity index of zooplankton in the investigation sea area was 0.41-3.01,with an average of 1.61.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the four autumn survey data from 2010 to 2019,the proportion of zooplankton species in the sea area near Lanshan Port of Rizhao Port fluctuated.The proportion of arthropod decreased first and then increased,the proportion of coelenterate increased first and then decreased.The species number and abundance showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing,while the biomass and diversity index showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The species number and abundance of zooplankton in the survey area had a certain response relationship with the construction progress of reclamation project,but the response relationship between zooplankton biomass and diversity index and the sustainable construction of the reclamation project was not obvious.