山西省独立学院新生营养状况调查分析

目的 了解山西省独立学院新生营养状况.方法 采用WHO推荐的身高标准体质量法和24 h回顾法对山西省独立学院4 313名新生进行调查.结果 ①营养正常者2 258名占52.3％,营养不良者456名占10.6％,肥胖者66人占1.5％;无性别差异,有城乡差异.②膳食构成以粮谷类为主,肉、豆类食物摄入量偏低,蔬菜水果类次之；城乡比较发现水果和肉类城市高于农村；男女比较水果和蛋类差异较为明显.③三餐热能分配中餐基本平衡,早餐比例偏少.④零食行为较为普遍,主要集中在上午课间和晚上,且女生高于男生,农村男生更低.结论 加快经济发展的同时要加强对大学生营养卫生知识的宣传教育；应当配备营养师,不断提高膳食营养水平,保证大学生的所需营养素的摄入；应培养学生良好的饮食卫生习惯确保健康成长.

An Investigation on the Nutritional Status of the Freshmen in the Independent Colleges in Shanxi Province

Objective The paper is to investigate the freshmen’s nutritional status and current features of diets in the independent colleges in Shanxi.Methods The methods used are the Standard of Height and Weight recommended by WHO and 24 hours retrospective method.Results In 4313 freshmen,the ones whose nutritional status is normal are 2 258,at 52.3%;malnutritional ones are 456,at 10.6%;fat ones are 66,at 1.5%.No gender difference is found,but the difference between the urban areas and rural areas does exist.In this investigation,the diets are mainly composed of cereal crops,with less beans and meat.The consumption offruits and vegetables is even less than that of beans and meat.Through the comparison between the urban areas and rural areas,the consumption of fruits and vegetables in cities is higher than that in rural areas.There is also a distinction in the consumption of fruits and eggs between boys and girls.As for the energy of three meals,lunch is the balanced one,breakfast is less balanced.Eating snacks is common in the break of the morning and evening;girls eat more snacks than boys,the gender difference is even distinct in rural areas.Conclusims With the rapid development of economy,it is important to strengthen the nutritional education in colleges.Dietitians should be equipped to raise the standard of nutrition and ensure that the college students keep enough consumption of nutrition and develop healthy eating habits.