黄河流域兰州段土壤侵蚀敏感性评价

黄河流域兰州段,由于严重的土壤侵蚀现象,带来的流域生态问题凸显。研究黄河流域兰州段土壤侵蚀敏感性问题,有助于解决该区域黄河流域生态环境保护与治理。选取降雨侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、坡度、坡长、水土保持措施、植被覆盖6个因子,采用改进的加权土壤侵蚀(the revised universal soil loss equation, RULSE)模型,运用地理信息系统(geographic information system, GIS)和遥感技术评价该区域土壤侵蚀敏感性。结果显示:黄河流域兰州段土壤侵蚀极敏感区和重度敏感区占区域总面积的42.73%,中度敏感区占区域总面积的45.60%,轻度敏感区和不敏感区占区域总面积的11.67%。其中,最敏感区位于兰州市榆中县。研究结果可为黄河流域兰州段合理规划水土资源、生态环境保护和管控预警提供决策支持。

Sensitivity evaluation of soil erosion in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River basin

The serious soil erosion in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River basin has brought about prominent ecological problems in the basin.To study the sensitivity of soil erosion in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River Basin is helpful to solve the ecological environment protection and management of the Yellow River Basin.Six factors, including rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope, slope length, soil and water conservation measures and vegetation cover, were selected to evaluate the soil erosion sensitivity in this region by using the improved weighted RUSLE model and GIS and RS techniques.The results showed that the severely and extremely sensitive areas accounted for 42.73% of the total area, the moderately sensitive areas accounted for 45.60% of the total area, and the insensitive and mildly sensitive areas accounted for 11.67% of the total area of the Yellow River Basin.Among them, the most sensitive area is located in Yuzhong County of Lanzhou.The research results can provide decision support for rational planning of soil and water resources, ecological environmental protection and early warning of control in Lanzhou section of the Yellow River Basin.