基于水力模型的多因子水质监测点优化布置方法研究

随着城市快速的发展,城市供水管网的规模也在不断的扩大,其拓扑结构也越来越复杂,增加了供水安全的难度。其中供水水质安全最为迫切,因此需要在供水管网中设置一定数量的水质监测点对供水水质进行监测。在前人研究的基础上,针对供水管网水质监测点优化布置的问题,在单一的节点水龄法的基础上综合考虑其他影响因素对管网水质的影响,利用北方某市供水管网水力模型进行水质监测点的优化布置方案设计,通过水力模拟软件,优化节点水龄法,设计出了基于多因子优化法的水质监测点优化布置程序。并对北方某市供水管网进行计算,结果表明,基于水力模型的多因子水质监测点优化布置方法计算出的水质监测点位置与实际位置有43.75%的重合度,不仅覆盖了在常规管网运行中水厂及加压泵站等重点水质监测位置,也在供水分界线、管网中以及管网末梢增加了部分监测点,同时对污染事故的预警时间也比优化前短,效果明显。因此,在人工经验的基础上,以多因子法为补充加强,理论与实际相结合,使布置方法更有科学依据,考虑因素更加全面,布点更加合理。利用该方法分析供水管网工况,可为水质监测点优化布置工作提供较好的实施方案。

Research on optimal arrangement of multi-factor water quality monitoring points based on the hydraulic model

With the rapid development of the city, the scale of urban water supply pipe network is also expanding, and its topological structure is becoming more and more complex, which adds difficulties to water supply security. Among them, the safety of water quality is most urgent. Therefore, a certain number of water quality monitoring points need to be set up in the water supply pipe network. Aiming at optimizing the layout of water quality monitoring sites for water distribution networks, the model was built based on the single node water age method with the effects of other influencing factors on the water quality of the pipeline network taken into consideration and the water supply pipe network of a city in the north as experimental object. By the hydraulic simulation software, the node water age method was optimized, and the optimized layout procedure of water quality monitoring points based on the multi-factor optimization method was designed. The results showed that the location of the water quality monitoring points calculated by the multi-factor water quality monitoring point optimization method based on the hydraulic model is 43.75% coincident with their actual location, not only covering the key water quality monitoring sites of the conventional pipe network in operational water plants and pressurized pump stations but also adding some monitoring points to the water supply demarcation line, pipe network, and pipe network terminal. And the early-warning time for pollution accidents was shorter than that before optimization. In conclusion, using this method to analyze the conditions of the water supply pipe network can provide a better implementation plan for optimizing the layout of the water quality monitoring points.