交通网络与通信网络中的路径策略

 交通网络和通信网络在现代生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，人们几乎每天都会接触到这两种网络，世界各国政府都在加强相关基础设施建设。然而单纯地增加基础设施，例如拓宽道路、增加带宽，并不能满足人们日益增长的需求；更重要的是优化管理，充分利用现有的资源提高这两种网络的运行效率，而提高它们运行效率的关键就是设计合理有效的路径策略。本文介绍了交通网络和通信网络的相同和不同之处，回顾了交通网络中用于指导车辆行驶的路径选择策略和用于指导行人通行的行走策略，以及通信网络的路由策略及算法。通过比较交通网络和通信网络，发现基于全局信息的策略均好于基于局部信息的策略。然而由于受到网络规模的限制，基于局部信息的路由策略更适合应用在通信网络上。基于全局信息的路径选择策略更适合应用在交通网络上。

Path strategies in transportation networkand communication network

The traffic network and the communication network play a more and more important role in modern life. Almost all people use these two networks everyday. Thus the governments around the world increase the investment in their infrastructure. However, increasing the infrastructure alone, such as broadening the road and the bandwidth, can not meet the growing demand. More importantly, we must focus on optimizing management and making the best use of existing infrastructure in order to improve the performance of these two networks. The key to improving the efficiency is to design effective path strategies. In this paper, we first give a brief introduction of the similarities and the differences between the traffic network and the communication network. Then we review the route choice strategies used to guide the vehicle and path strategies used to guide the pedestrian in the transportation network, and the routing strategies in the communication network. By comparison, we find that the strategies based on the global information are better than those based on the local information. However, due to the factor of the network size, the strategies based on the local information are more suitable for the communication network, and the strategies based on the global information are more suitable for the transportation network.