风沙物理学进展及其在沙漠化防治中的应用

 沙漠化因严重阻碍和威胁人类生存与社会可持续发展而受到世界各国高度重视。沙尘颗粒物受气流作用在地表和空中的运动是沙漠化过程发生、发展的主要表现形式，也是沙漠科学和治沙工程的核心研究内容之一，只有掌握了风、地表及沙尘颗粒物之间的互馈机制，才能科学分析土地沙漠化过程并建立有效的风沙灾害防治工程。本文回顾了风沙物理学研究的发展历程，综述了近30年以来风沙环境力学在风场结构、沙尘颗粒的起动机制、沙尘颗粒的碰撞机制、近地表风沙流的理论模型与实验观测、风成沙波纹与沙丘地貌研究以及风沙环境力学研究在沙漠化防治中的应用等方面取得的进展，并对未来研究方向提出了展望。

Advancing in study of the blown sand physics and its application in desertification control

Due to its serious obstacle and threat to human survival and society sustainable development, desertification has received much attention from the world. The movement of sand and dust particles on the land surface and in the air driven by air flow is the main form of desertification occurrence and development process, it is also one of the core contents of desert science and desertification control engineering. The interaction mechanism among wind,surface and dust particles is the key to analysising of land desertification process or the establishment of disaster prevention project. This paper presents the development course of the physics of wind-blown sand, and an extensive review of the structure of the wind-sand field, physicas of aeolian dust emission, collision mechanism of the sand dust, electrification of wind-blown sand, modelling and experiment of the sand flow, formation and development of sand ripples and dunes, and the application of research work on mechanism of wind-blown sand to the desertification control. At last the direction for future study was put forward.