防空雷达中的目标识别技术

雷达技术从其诞生至今已经历半个多世纪的发展历程，并且被证明是对空中目标检测、测距和跟踪最强有力的工具。然而，与雷达同时出现的目标识别问题，至今仍没有满意的答案。本文简要回顾了雷达目标识别的历史，讨论了与防空武器系统密切相关、也是目前普遍认为是最重要的几种目标识别技术，包括动态目标的回波起伏和调制谱特性，高分辨力雷达目标识别技术，目标的极化特征及其识别技术，目标谐振响应与超宽带雷达目标识别技术等。

Target Recognition by Means of Air-Defense Radars

It has been more than half a century since radar was invented, which was proven to be the most powerful tools for target detection, ranging, and tracking in air-defense systems. However, these capabilities of radars leave a key question unanswered: what has been detected? Or the problem of radar target recognition. In this paper, we review several radar target recognition techniques which are of interesting for air-defense systems and are currently considered to be the most promising approaches.They include:(a) the signatures of echo fluctuation and spectral modulation of dynamic aircraft;(b)high resolution radar with application to target recognition; (c) polarimetric characteristics of radar targets; and (d)target resonance responses and ultra-wideband radar recognition.