江西生态经济系统的能值分析及其指标动态研究

能值(emergy)作为价值的一种测度方法,被用于评价维持包括人类经济活动在内的生物圈的能量与资源的流动。本文运用能值理论与方法,对江西省1995~2000年的净能值产出率、环境负荷率、可持续发展指数等指标及其变化趋势进行分析,并与其它国家和地区的有关指标进行比较研究。分析结果为(1)1995~2000年江西的净能值产出率变化曲线呈先下降后上升趋势,大小在2·63~2·93之间,表明江西是一个资源输出型的生态经济区域;(2)可持续发展指数变化曲线与净能值产出率变化曲线的趋势一致,也呈先下降后上升趋势,大小在1·05~1·21之间,表明江西经济有较大的发展潜力;(3)环境负荷率的变化曲线呈上升趋势,这与江西经济发展过程中对资源的利用和进口资源及劳务能值量增加有关。

Emergy Evaluation for Sustainability of Jiangxi Ecological-Economic System

Emergy analysis provides methods for representing ecological economic interface and for linking ecological and economic systems. Concept of emergy (spelled with an M),proposed by H.T.Odum,revises energy theory of value,by incorporating aspects of ecological hierarchy and energy quality,to valuate the contribution of natural environment to human economic systems. It is a new accouting unit of total contributions used in generation of a product or service. Emergy indices based on emergy flows can be calculated and be used to evaluate the behavior of the whole system. In this paper,on the basis of emergy analysis,indices and ratios are calculated and analysed in the ecological-economic system of JiangXi from 1995 to 2000. The indices of emergy analysis are compared with those of other countries and regions so as to develop ideas for adjusting,improving,optimizing the systematic structure and function and for environmental policy-making in JiangXi province.