水驱油藏微生物群落结构及影响因素

我国主力油田多已进入开采中后期，其开采难度进一步增大，微生物采油技术具有成本低、效益高、绿色环保等优点，在剩余油进一步提高采收率中具有广泛的应用前景。由于对油藏微生物群落结构认识不足、激活剂配方筛选周期长等问题，限制了微生物驱油技术的现场推广应用。通过分析油藏中群落结构差异及环境因子与优势菌种间的相互作用关系，为定向激活油藏微生物提供基础数据及理论指导。本文通过物种组成分析、物种多样性分析、PcoA分析以及冗余分析方法对油藏高通量测序数据进行分析，结果表明A油田注水井和生产井间的物种组成差异较大，L油田的注水井和生产井间的物种组成差异不明显；在物种丰度、物种均度以及物种多样性上，A油田和L油田的均表现出差异不明显情况；但在基于属水平的注水井和生产井间的物种相似性上，A油田表现出较低的相似性，而L油田则表现出较高的相似性；环境因子分析中，L油田中的微生物群落与含盐量相关性显著，而A油田中的微生物群落组成则与温度、pH和SO42-浓度显著相关。

Study on microbial community structure and and influencing factors in water drive reservoir

Most of the main oilfields in China have entered the middle and late stage of exploitation, and its exploitation difficulty has further increased. Microbial oil recovery technology has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, green and environmental protection, and has a wide application prospect in further enhancing oil recovery of remaining oil. Due to the lack of understanding of reservoir microbial community structure and the long selection cycle of activator formula, the field popularization and application of microbial oil displacement technology is limited. By analyzing the difference of community structure in the reservoir and the interaction between environmental factors and dominant bacteria, basic data and theoretical guidance are provided for directional activation of reservoir microorganisms. In this paper, the reservoir high-throughput sequencing data are analyzed by species composition analysis, species diversity analysis, PCoA analysis and redundancy analysis. The results show that the species composition difference between water injection wells and production wells in Oilfield A is large, and the species composition difference between water injection wells and production wells in Oilfield L is not obvious; In terms of species abundance, species average and species diversity, there is no obvious difference between a oilfield and l oilfield; However, in terms of species similarity between water injection wells and production wells based on genus level, oilfield a shows low similarity, while oilfield L shows high similarity; In the analysis of environmental factors, the microbial community in L oilfield is significantly correlated with salt content, while the microbial community composition in a oilfield is significantly correlated with temperature, pH and SO42 - concentration.