以天然淀粉为内核的硒纳米颗粒的研制及其应用

利用氧化还原体系把高价硒还原为具有生物活性的红色零价硒,以生物材料淀粉为内核,采用纳米制备技术,得到核壳型的淀粉硒纳米颗粒(St-Se0NP).用透射电子显微镜和Zeta-sizer电位分析仪对颗粒进行表征,发现所制备的颗粒具有核壳结构,平均粒径为50 nm左右,电性呈中性.淀粉硒纳米颗粒作为植物营养调节剂应用于巨峰葡萄植株,成熟葡萄果实中的硒含量比对照提高了5倍,糖份提高了30%,钙含量提高了40%,而酸含量则降低了30%,大大改善了葡萄的风味.研究还对硒纳米颗粒的作用机制进行了初步讨论,认为较普通硒化物,淀粉硒纳米颗粒在植物体内形成了缓释,提高了硒在植物体内的作用效果.

Preparation and Application of Starch-Selenium Nanoparticle

This paper introduces the synthesis of Starch-Selenium nanoparticle through redox reaction using nanotechnology in redox system,with natural starch as the templet.The particles were characterized with a transmission electron microscope and Zeta-Sizer measurements.The results showed that the particles prepared had core-shell structure,the average sizes of the core-shell particles were below 50 nm in diameter,and the particles were zero charge.Starch-selenium nanoparticle was a plant effective nourishment regulator.It improved the quality of grapy fruits: a very small amount of nanoparticles increased the concentration of selenium for about 5 times,the concentration of sugar increased by about 30%,and that of calcium increased by about 40%,but the concentration of acid decreased by 30%,compared with contrast teams.At the same time,the working mechanism of starch-selenium nanoparticles was discussed.Compared with inorganic selenium compounds,nanoparticles were released more slowly,so that the contributing time was prolonged in plants.