不同施肥处理对冷杉苗木生长的影响

圃地施肥是重要的育苗方式,合理施肥可有效提高苗木质量,降低成本,提高造林的成活率和保存率.以2a生冷杉移植换床苗为对象,研究在立地条件相同情况下,施有机肥、无机肥、叶面肥和不施肥等4种施肥处理对冷杉苗高和地径的影响.结果表明:经过一个生长季节后,施叶面肥、有机肥、无机肥和不施肥苗高分别增加了346%,249%,210%和69%;地径分别增加了200%,140%,128%和109%.与不施肥相比,施3种肥均可显著提高苗高,但只有施叶面肥和有机肥才能显著提高地径生长.对苗高和地径的相关关系分析显示,与对照相比,施叶面肥和无机肥降低了两者间的相关关系;而施有机肥则显著提高了两者间的相关关系.本次试验结果表明:冷杉在圃地阶段,不同施肥处理对苗高和地径生长量的影响显著,其中,施叶面肥对苗木生长的促进作用大于有机肥和无机肥;施肥对苗高的影响大于地径.

Effect of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth of Abies nephrolepis Seedlings

Fertilization is an important cultivation practice in forestry nursery. Rational fertilization could improve seedling growth state, reduce cost and increase survival rate of seedlings on forestation sites. A fertilization experiment with four treatments including control,foliar fertilizer,(NH4)2HPO4,and manure was conducted to assess effect of different fertilization treatments on the growth of Abies nephrolepis seedlings with 2-year-old. After one growing season,the seedling height was increased by 346% ,249% ,210% and 69% under foliar fertilizer, manure,(NH4)2HPO4,and control treatments,respectively,while the basal diameter was increased by 200% , 140%,128%,and 109% under foliar fertilizer,manure,(NH4)2HPO4,and control treatments,respectively. Compared with control,all fertilization treatments significantly increased the seedling height and basal diameter except that ( NH4)2HPO4treatment did not significantly affect the basal diameter. Seedlings growing under control had a weaker correlation between basal diameter and height than those under manure treatment but stronger correlation than those under foliar fertilization and ( NH4)2HPO4treatments. Our study showed that different fertilization treatments had significantly different effects on growth of Abies nephrolepis seedlings, with seedlings receiving foliar fertilizer having the greatest height and diameter. Fertilization treatments also altered the correlation between height and diameter differently,and the height was more responsive to fertilization treatments than the diameter.