城市大气重金属(Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn)污染及其在植物中的富积

通过对烟台市区不同大气污染区域绿化植物叶片中重金属Ｐｂ ，Ｃｄ ，Ｃｕ ，Ｚｎ 富积量和大气与土壤中相应重金属的含量研究分析发现，植物叶片中重金属Ｐｂ ，Ｃｕ 和Ｚｎ 的富积量与大气中Ｐｂ ，Ｃｕ 和Ｚｎ 的相对含量呈显著的正相关，而植物叶片中Ｃｄ 的富积量与大气中重金属的相对含量相关不显著．所研究的４ 种重金属在植物叶片中的富积量与其生长土壤中的重金属的含量无相关性．研究证明，在所调查的５ 种市区绿化植物中以园柏（ Ｓａｂｉｎａ ｃｈｉｎｅｓｉｓ） 叶片对大气中Ｐｂ 和Ｃｄ 的富积能力最强，对Ｐｂ 的富积依次为侧柏（ Ｐｌａｔｙｃｌａｄｕｓｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ） 、冬青卫茅（ Ｅｕｏｎｙｍｕｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ） 、悬玲木（ Ｐｌａｔａｎｕｓ ａｃｅｒｉｆｏｌｉａ） 和樱桃李（ Ｐｒｕｎｕｓｃｅｒａｓｉｆｅｒａ） ，而对Ｃｄ 则依次为侧柏、冬青卫茅、樱桃李、悬玲木．悬玲木叶片对Ｃｕ 和Ｚｎ 的富积量最高，对Ｃｕ 的富积能力依次为悬玲木＞ 园柏＞ 侧柏＞ 冬青卫茅＞ 樱桃李，对Ｚｎ 则为悬玲木＞ 园柏＞ 侧柏＞ 樱桃李＞ 冬青卫茅．市区大气重金属污染物主要为Ｐｂ ，Ｃｕ 和Ｚｎ ．市区大气重金属污染的总态势依次为发电厂＞ 汽车站＞ 市府区＞ 奇山小区＞

Study on the Relationship Between Atmospheric Heavy Metal Pollution (Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn)and its Accumulations in Leaves of Urban Trees

It is revealed in the study that the heavy metal concentration of Pb,Cu,Zn in the leaves of urban trees (Sabina chinesis,Platycladus orientalis,Euonymus japonicus,Platanus acerifolia, Prunus cerasifera) is significantly related with the relative heavy metal contents in atmospheres of different urban regions of Yantai city, while no such relationship is found in heavy metal Cd, and that the heavy metal amounts of Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn in urban soils had no direct impacts on the heavy metal concentrations in leaves of urban trees. The results suggested that heavy metal contents in leaves of urban trees is able to indicate the degree of heavy metal pollution in urban atmospheres. In the 5 investigated urban trees Sabina chinesis ranked first in Pb and Cd accumulated in leaves, while Platanus acerifolia in Cu and Zn. For accumulating capacity to Pb the urban trees ranked as following: S.chinesis>P. orientalis>E. Japonicus>Pl.acerifolia>Pr.Cerasifera, to Cd: S.Chinesis>P.orientalis> E.japonicus>Pr.cerasifera>Pl.acerifolia, to Cu: Pl.acerifolia>S.chinesis>P.orientalis>E.japonicus>Pr.cerasifera, to Zn: Pl.acerifolia>S.chinesis>P.orientalis> Pr.cerasifera> E.japonicus. The chief heavy metal contaminants in urban atmospheres are Pb, Cu and Zn. The total pollution state of atmospheric heavy metals in investigated urban regions is showed as following: Power Plant region>Bus Station region>Municipal region>Qishan region>University region.