移动焊接机器人的工件识别及焊缝起始位置定位

摘要：
考虑到非结构空间焊接的特殊性,通过视觉技术，基于圆投影和Zernike矩，提出了一种两步模板匹配法检测待焊工件是否出现在视觉区域；结合霍夫直线检测方法，设计了一套提取特征直线算法，并确定焊缝起始点在图像中的亚像素位置.由移动机器人在不同角度拍摄工件图像，圆投影和Zernike矩计算结果验证了其表征模板特性的有效性，具有旋转抗性，而且对于光照条件及摄像机视野的鲁棒性好，焊缝起始位置定位结果满足视觉计算需要. 关键词：
自主焊接； 移动机器人； 视觉技术； 工件识别 中图分类号： TG 409
文献标志码： A

Recognition of Work-piece and Location of Initial Seam Position for Mobile Welding Robot

Considering the environmental characters of welding in unstructured space, via vision technology, a two steps template matching method for work piece recognition based on circle projection and Zernike moments was presented. An algorithm based on Hough line detection was designed to extract special lines which were used to calculate initial seam position with sub pixel precision. Experiment was carried out by mobile welding robot, and series of templates were acquired by snapping work piece images with different rotation angles. Circle projection results and Zernike moments were calculated, and they could effectively represent features of templates for typical work piece, meanwhile errors due to rotation could be eliminated. These algorithms were proved to perform satisfied robustness of illumination and camera view. Sub pixel location of initial seam position can satisfy the need for visual calculation.