A320撞击刚性靶体的数值模拟及冲击载荷工程模型验证

利用通用显式动力学分析程序LS-DYNA模拟了空客A320与刚性靶体的碰撞过程，获得了飞机以不同速度撞击时的冲击载荷.通过与修正的Riera公式计算的冲击载荷对比，确定了Riera公式和冲击载荷工程模型中修正系数α的取值，并获得了α与撞击速度V₀的对应关系.根据飞机的压损载荷冲量与冲击载荷冲量之比，确定了冲击载荷工程模型中冲击载荷系数γ的取值，并获得了γ与撞击速度V₀的对应关系.工程模型与数值模拟计算的冲击载荷曲线吻合较好，验证了冲击载荷工程模型的合理性，为空客A320及相似结构飞机的冲击载荷曲线计算提供了依据. 

Numerical Simulation of A320 on the Rigid Target and Verification of the Impact Load Engineering Model

The impact process of an Airbus A320 airplane upon a rigid target under different initial impact velocities was simulated numerically with LS-DYNA analysis software. Comparing the impact load results of numerical simulated and calculated directly with the modified Riera equation, the correction coefficient α was determined for both of the modified Riera impact load equation and the impact load engineering model. According to the impulse ratio of the crushing load to the impact load, the coefficient γ was determined for the engineering model. Moreover, the empirical formulas to predicate and the coefficient γ in the impact load engineering model under different initial impact velocities were proposed, respectively. Results show that, the impact loads calculated with the engineering model are matching with the numerical simulation results, verifying the rationality of the impact load engineering model and providing a basis for the impact load curve of the Airbus A320 airplane and the other large commercial aircraft similar to A320.