土壤质地组分及含水量对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫病发生的影响

在室内条件下研究了5种土壤质地组分和6种土壤含水量对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫病发生的影响.结果表明,纯黏土最不适合小麦胞囊线虫病的发生.在供试的5个土壤质地组分处理中,纯黏土的病情指数最低,其次为黏土∶细沙=3∶1的处理,两个处理病情指数均在25以下;黏土∶细沙=1∶3的处理病情指数最高,其次为纯细沙和黏土∶细沙=1∶1的处理,这3个处理病情指数均在60以上;病株率调查结果表明,纯黏土与黏土∶细沙=3∶1处理病株率较低,均低于70%,黏土∶细沙=1∶3处理、黏土∶细沙=1∶1处理和纯细沙处理的病株率均大于85%,黏土∶细沙=1∶3处理的病株率达到100%,显著高于黏土∶细沙=3∶1处理和黏土处理.研究发现,土壤含水量过高或过低均不适合该病害的发生,在供试的6个土壤含水量处理中,土壤含水体积分数29.74%的处理和4.68%的处理病情指数均低于60;含水体积分数12.78%,14.25%,6.93%处理的病情指数为75～85;含水体积分数9.61%的处理病情指数最高,为88.73,最适于小麦胞囊线虫病的发生.

Effect of Soil Constituents and Soil Moisture on Cereal Cyst Nematode of Wheat

The effects of 5 soil constituents and 6 soil moisture on Cereal Cyst Nematode(CCN) of wheat were tested in the pots.The result showed that the clay soil didn't suitable for the occurrence and development of CCN with the lowest disease index in 5 testing soil constituents.The disease index in clay soil and the clay∶sand=3∶1 treatment were all below 25,whereas the disease index of the clay∶ sand=1∶3 treatment,the sand treatment,the clay∶ sand 1∶1 treatment were all above 60;The diseased plant rate of the clay∶ sand 3∶1 treatment and the clay treatment were all below 70 % and the diseased plant rate of the clay∶ sand 1∶1 treatment and the sand treatment were all above 85 %,the diseased plant rate of the clay∶ sand 1∶3 treatments were 100 %.Result showed that too high or too low soil moisture was not suitable for the occurrence and development of CCN.In the 6 testing soil moisture treatments,the disease index of the 29.74 % and the 4.68 % treatments were all below 60.The disease index of the 12.78 %,14.25 %,6.93 % treatments were between 75 to 85 and the 9.61 % treatment was most suitable for the occurrence and development of CCN with the highest index of 88.73 in all of the testing soil moisture treatments.