情报学家尤金·加菲尔德对STS问题研究的贡献

本文考察了美国著名情报学家尤金.加菲尔德对科技与社会(STS)研究所做的贡献。运用WordSmithTools词频分析软件对加菲尔德所著1447篇(部)论著的标题进行分析,并结合部分论文摘要和全文,我们对这位情报学家在STS研究领域的活动以及主要成就有了较深入的了解。加菲尔德的贡献主要分为两个方面。一是间接的方法论的贡献,这主要指他创建的SCI等大型引文索引数据库为STS研究提供了数据形式的经验素材,他参与创建的引文分析方法为STS研究提供了一种工具。二是他直接从事了STS问题的研究,例如,运用引文分析方法对诺贝尔奖获得者进行研究,以及在科技政策、科技伦理、科学交流等方面发表自己的见解。

Contributions to STS studies made by Information Scientist Eugene Garfield

This article explored the contributions to the STS studies made by the famous American information scientist Eugene Garfield.The approach we used is word frequency analysis by the software WordSmith Tools.The sample set is the collection of the topics of 1447 papers written by Garfield.Some abstracts and full papers offer the information in detail.Garfield's contributions could be classified into two parts.One is the methodological aspect.He founded Science Citation Index and other databases,which are the important data sources of STS studies.He's citation analysis method has been used in STS studied as a tool since 1960's.Another aspect is that he has explored the STS issues in person.He analyzed the citation characteristics of the Nobel-price recipients.His studies include science policy,scientific ethic,scientific communication,as well.