株粒重构成因素对大豆高产育种的作用研究

以河南大豆为材料，用生物统计方法研究了株高、株有效荚数、节粒重，株茎重、粒茎比和每荚粒数等株粒重构成因素对产量的作用。结果表明株高，节粒重、株有效荚数、粒茎比和株粒重呈正相关，环境相关较小，说明其间的关系主要受遗传因子控制，可以作为提高大豆产量的有效选择指标，其对大豆产量的作用大小依次为节粒重、株有效荚数、粒径比等，因此，在合理密植的条件下，提高株有效荚数和节粒重，适当增加粒茎比有利于预大豆高产育

Study on the Effects of the Characters Related to the Grain Weight per Plant on Breeding High Yield Soybean

Yu soybeans were used as material, The effects of the characters related to the grain weight per plant, such as stem height, vailable pods per plant, seed weight per nod, the weight of plant stem, the ratio of seed to stem and so on,on the grain weight per plant were studied with biostatistical method. The results showed that the stem height, grain weight per node, vailable pods per plant, the ratio of grain weight to stem weight and grain weight per plant had a highly positive relavance, while there was a little relationship to environmental effect. It was indicated that the correlations between them are mainly controled by the genetic factors, and it was reliable for above parameters to be take as the selected indexes for improving soybean yield. their effects on soybean yield from Large to little were as follows: seed weight per node, vailable nodes per plant, the ratio of seed to stem, ect. Thus, it was concluded that breeding high yield soybean in Hnan should be based on ensuring rational close planting, enhancing seed weight per node, vailable nodes per plant and preperly increasing the ratio of seed to stem.