基于遥感和GIS的尼洋河流域土地利用变化研究

以1978年的Landsat MSS、1988年的TM和2001年的ETM遥感影像为数据源，对影像进行了最大似然法分类，得到三期土地利用图，用GIS空间分析技术，通过引入转移矩阵、变化动态度指数等，对尼洋河流域的土地利用时空变化过程进行了深入的分析。结果表明：三期土地利用图中，裸地是最主要的土地利用类型；1978—1988年和1988—2001年两个时期中，耕地面积变化最大且增长速度最快，其重心先向西北移动然后转向东南区域；草地在西北和东南区域增加尤为明显；裸地则持续减少，主要转移为耕地和草地，重心明显西移；林地在前十年先是增加，而近十几年来由于开垦为耕地而持续减少；人口增长带来的消费需求、经济发展的需要和政策因素等人文驱动力决定着尼洋河流域的土地利用变化趋势。

Research on Land Use Change in Niyanghe Watershed Based on Remote Sensing and GIS

In this paper Landsat images,including MSS in 1978,TM in 1988 and ETM in 2001, and ancillary data are selected to investigate the land use change in Niyanghe watershed. Firstly,the images are classified respectively to get the three land use maps;then some analytical indexes such as change matrix and dynamic degree intensity are introduced to describe the temporal - spatial change of land use in the study area assisted by spatial analysis techniques of GIS. The results show that bare - land is the main land use type from1977 to 2001. During the periods of 1978 - 1988 and 1988 -2001 ,the increased arable land area is the largest,and the increase speed is the fastest, while the area of bare - land decreases gradually every year. The main driving fac- tors for land use change are human factors such as population growth, consumption demands, economy develop- ment, transportation and policy, and so on.