利用陶瓷膜和超滤膜组合技术分离纯化天然牛磺酸

运用陶瓷膜和超滤膜组合技术对杂色蛤(Ruditapes philippinarum)蒸煮汤汁中的牛磺酸进行分离纯化，再经浓缩、醇沉、结晶、重结晶等步骤获得高纯度天然牛磺酸。利用高效液相色谱法测定牛磺酸纯度，并对其进行扫描电镜分析和急性毒性试验。结果显示，截留孔径为0.2 μm的陶瓷膜在平均压力0.24 MPa、平均温度 30 ℃、自然pH值下运行120 min后，平均膜通量为32.86 L /(m2·h)，牛磺酸损失率为4.99%；截留分子质量为 100 ku 的超滤膜在平均压力 0.84 MPa、平均温度 30 ℃、自然pH值下运行 210 min后，平均膜通量为19.97 L /(m2·h)，牛磺酸损失率为 5.51%。再经浓缩、醇沉、结晶处理后，可从10 L杂色蛤蒸煮汤汁中获得纯度为 84%的天然牛磺酸 18.87 g，重结晶后得纯度为98.7%的天然牛磺酸。扫描电子显微镜观测结果显示，天然牛磺酸晶体形态为长针状。急性毒性试验结果显示，天然牛磺酸的 LD50＞10 g/kg，属于实际无毒或无毒物质。

Separation and Purification of Natural Taurine Using Ceramic and Ultrafiltration Membrane Technology

High purity of natural taurine was isolated from cooking soup of Ruditapes philippinarum by combination of ceramic and ultrafiltration membranes,concentration,ethanol precipitation,crystallization and recrystallization.High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the purity of taurine.Scanning electron microscopy and acute toxicity test were also performed in this study.The results showed that the membrane flux was 32.86 L /(m2·h) and the loss ratio of taurine was 4.99% using 0.2 μm ceramic membrane under the condition of 0.24 MPa,30 ℃,pH 7.0 for running 120 min.The ultrafiltration was performed using a 100 ku cut-off membrane with running 210 min for a cycle at 0.84 MPa,30 ℃,pH 7.0.The membrane flux and the loss ratio of taurine were 19.97 L /(m2·h) and 5.51%,respectively.Natural taurine 18.87 g with 84% purity was finally obtained from 10 L cooking soup of R.philippinarum by the subsequent step of concentration,ethanol precipitation and crystallization.The purity of taurine could be improved to 98.7% after recrystallization.The crystal shape of natural taurine was acicular as observed by scanning electron microscopy.Acute toxicity test in vivo revealed that the LD50 value of taurine was higher than 10 g/kg,indicating its non-mammalian toxicity.