奥运会女子跳远比赛中运动员成绩分布规律的研究

运用了文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,对1952-2012年共16届奥运会女子跳远决赛运动员的各跳成绩、试跳情况与免跳情况等指标进行统计分析,结果表明:1)体能越充沛越容易创造最佳成绩,奥运会女子跳远决赛前3跳创造最佳成绩的比例明显高于后3跳,且最好成绩分布比例前3位均在前3跳;金牌运动员表现出趋于在第一跳发挥最佳竞技能力的特征,且第一跳发挥最佳竞技能力的状态在蹲踞式、挺身式和走步式3个不同技术阶段呈递增趋势.2)奥运会女子跳远决赛,由于体能耗竭和心理稳定性等因素影响,排名靠后的选手更容易申请免跳,且通常在后3跳申请免跳.3)运动员的体能状况、心理稳定性和战术策略所形成的心理指向等会对跳远成功率和犯规率产生影响.奥运会女子跳远决赛前3跳成功率高、犯规率低;后3跳成功率低、犯规率高.

A Study of the Atheletes Performance's Distribution RegularityAmong Women's Long Jump Competition in the Olympic Games

This thesis uses documentation method,mathematical statistics and logical analysis to statistically study the results of all jumps,the status of trial jumps and passed jumps of all the players who made to women's long jump final during the 16Olympiads from 1952to 2012.It is aimed at revealing the characteristics and patterns of the world's top-level players' athletics ability,as well as providing theoretical and data support for the cause of our long jump competition and training.The study shows:1)The first 3jumps have a high rate to create the best result while the last 3jumps have a low rate.And the first3highest proportions of best result are associated with the first 3jumps.2)The distribution features of passed jump:all passed jumps fall in the last 3jumps;the passed jump requests by the 8th player account for 66.7%of the total and concentrate on the last 3jumps;3)The distribution features of trial jump success rate and foul rate:The success rate of the first 3trial jumps is higher than the last 3and with foul rate it is the other way round.The success rate of the last 3jumps comes down largely due to the deterioration of physical condition and psychological stability.