纳米飞行器概念设计

纳米飞行器(NAV)指尺寸7.5cm以内、携带载荷2g以上、具有悬停和低速前飞等多种飞行模式的新概念可控无人飞行器,是无人飞行器系统的重要组成部分,可在狭窄空间中探测、侦察、数据中继和释放载荷,具有重要的军事和民用价值.本文阐述了NAV的设计要求、概念研究的最新进展.同时就设计中关键理论和技术进行了评述,主要为:NAV外形选择方法的提出;极低雷诺数空气动力学机理、极低雷诺数下旋翼外形和扑翼外形流场特征的分析;当前极低雷诺数研究方法和研究现状、新材料在NAV设计中应用前景及微推进技术和微电子技术研究进展的综述.

A review on conceptual design of nano air vehicles

Nano Air Vehicle (NAV) is a new conceptual controllable unmanned air vehicle with dimension less than 7.5 cm, payload greater than 2 grams which can hover and fly at low speed. As one of important parts of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) system, NAV is capable of conducting surveillance, reconnaissance or releasing payload in a narrow space with high values in military and civil application. In this paper, the conception of NAV and recent development of NAV in several institutes are introduced. Successively, the key theories and techniques involved by NAV design are analyzed. Methods aiming at the selection of NAV’s concept are proposed. And the ultra-low Reynolds number aerodynamics and the flow characteristics of rotary-wing concept and flapping-wing concept at ultra-low Re are discussed and analyzed. The experimental and computational studies at ultra-low Re are reviewed. Furthermore, the application of new materials on NAVs is discussed. Finally, the perspective of applying micro-propulsion and micro-electronics technologies on the design of NAV is discussed.