控制水稻剑叶形态相关性状的数量基因位点(QTL)的定位

水稻籽粒中一半以上的碳水化合物来自剑叶的光合作用，剑叶形态改良一直是水稻株型育种的一个重要目标．利用一个日本主要种植的粳稻品种越光（轮回亲本）和一个印度的籼稻品种Kasalath杂交产生的回交重组自交系群体（backcross recombinant inbred lines，BILs）对剑叶形态中的3个主要性状（剑叶长、叶宽以及其叶面积）进行了相关分析及其数量基因位点（quantitative trait loci，QTL）的定位．研究表明，控制剑叶形态的3个主要性状间存在极显著的正相关，并检测到影响3个性状的8个QTL，分布在第1，3，4，6条染色体上，贡献率介于4．94％～22．07％，其中第4染色体上C1016标记和第6染色体上C556标记附近的共有6个QTL，其两侧的紧密分子标记在水稻株型分子育种上具有一定应用价值．

Locating quantitative trait loci affecting flag-leaf shape traits in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

More than half of carbohydrate in grains comes from flag-leaf photosynthesis in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Improving the shape of flag leaf is one of important objectives for plant-type breeding in rice.Correlations and QTL analysis on three main traits affecting flag-leaf shape(flag-leaf length,FLL;flag-leaf width,FLW;flag-leaf area,FLA) in rice were conducted using 182 backcross recombinant inbred lines(BILs)derived from the backcross between a leading variety in Japan,Koshihikari(japonica),as a recurrent parent,and an India rice variety,Kasalath(indica),as a donor parent.The results of this study showed that there existed significantly positive correlations among the three traits studied.A total of eight QTLs controlling the three flag-leaf shape traits were detected and located on chromosomes 1,3,4 and 6,respectively,which could explain 4.94%~22.07% of total phenotypic variance.Among them,six QTLs detected in this study were located near to the common marker C1016 on chromosome 4 and C556 on chromosome 6,respectively,which indicated that the tightly linked molecular markers that flank the six QTLs will be valuable for plant-type improvement in rice through molecular breeding in future.