被动式超低能耗木结构建筑外围护结构节能设计

在被动式超低能耗木结构建筑能量损失中外围护结构的传热损失占比最高，为了降低能耗，研究了被动式超低能耗木结构建筑外围护结构节能设计方案。通过标定热箱法对建筑外围护结构保温性进行测试，获取建筑外围护结构传热系数或热阻。分析了建筑外围护外墙、屋顶和外窗，研究了各外围护组成部分的传热系数。将屋顶、外墙和外窗当成正交实验的三个因素，通过等水平正交实验表获取实验方案组合。将研究的被动式超低能耗木结构建筑当成基准建筑，将其冷热总负荷和各外围护结构节能设计方案全年空调总负荷的差值当成对应组合方案的总负荷节能值，获取节能设计方案。利用Energyplus软件对设计节能方案进行能耗模拟，获取前三个最优方案在一段时间内的能耗值，对节能设计方案进行验证。结果表明：4号节能设计方案空调总负荷节能值最高，其次是2号节能设计方案，再次为8号节能设计方案；方案4能耗低，二氧化碳减排量高，舒适性好。可见桁架屋顶、玻璃纤维保温棉填充墙体、low-E中空（断热铝窗框）外窗组成的外围护结构节能设计方案最优。

Energy saving design of passive super low energy consumption timber structure external enclosure structure

In order to reduce energy consumption, the energy-saving design scheme of passive ultra-low energy consumption wood structure is studied. The thermal insulation of building envelope is tested by calibrating the hot box method, and the heat transfer coefficient or thermal resistance of building envelope are obtained. The external walls, roofs and windows of building envelopes are analyzed, and the heat transfer coefficients of each component of envelopes are studied. The roof, exterior wall and exterior window are considered as three factors of orthogonal experiment, and the experimental scheme combination is obtained through the equal level orthogonal experiment table. The passive ultra-low energy consumption wood structure building is taken as the reference building, and the difference between the total cooling and heating load and the total energy-saving design of each envelope structure is taken as the total load energy-saving value of the corresponding combination scheme to obtain the energy-saving design scheme. Energyplus software is used to simulate the energy consumption of the design energy-saving scheme. The energy consumption values of the first three optimal schemes in a period of time are obtained, and the energy-saving design scheme is verified. The results show that the total load energy-saving value of air-conditioning in No. 4 energy-saving design scheme is the highest, followed by No. 2 energy-saving design scheme and No. 8 energy-saving design scheme. Scheme 4 has low energy consumption, high carbon dioxide emission reduction and good comfort. It can be seen that the energy-saving design scheme of the outer envelope structure composed of truss roof, glass fiber insulation cotton filled wall and low-E hollow (heat-breaking aluminium window frame) outer window is the best.