顺义滨河森林公园林内小气候及人体舒适度效应分析

为探究城市绿地调节小气候、缓解城市热岛作用,以顺义滨河森林公园绿地为对象,选择硬质铺装为对照,于2022年3—11月,对不同植物群落空气温度、相对湿度、风速进行实地监测,以此研究不同植物群落间小气候及人体舒适度的改善提升效应。结果表明：春季降温效果最好（2.74℃）,其次是夏季（2.05℃）,一天内在14:00前时段降温效果最为显著;夏季增湿效果最高（6.88%）,其次是秋季（5.62%）;在减弱风速效果中春季幅度最高（0.2 m/s）,其次是夏季（0.07 m/s）,上午时间段内减弱风速程度较大。春夏秋三季均能不同程度提高人体舒适度,其中夏季最高（1.54）,其次是春季（0.54）,夏季全天及春季、秋季的12:00—14:00时间内可为人们提供一个较为舒适的环境。可见植物群落优化提升对于提高城市绿地生态效益发挥、改善城市生态环境均有着重要的作用,研究结果可为城市绿地植物群落结构优化提升、经营管理及市民休闲出行供借鉴参考。

Analysis of microclimate and human comfort effect of riverside forest park in Shunyi District

In order to explore the role of urban green space in regulating microclimate and alleviating urban heat island, the green space of the riverside forest park in Shunyi City was taken as the object, and the hard pavement was selected as the control. The air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed of different plant communities were monitored on the spot from March to November 2022, so as to study the improvement effect of microclimate and human comfort among different plant communities. The results showed that the cooling effect was the best in spring (2.74℃), followed by that in summer (2.05℃), and the cooling effect was the most significant before 14:00 in one day. Summer humidification effect was the highest (6.88%), followed by autumn (5.62%). The effect of wind speed weakening was highest in spring (0.2 m/s), followed by that in summer (0.07 m/s), and the degree of wind speed weakening was greater in the morning. Spring, summer and autumn can improve human comfort in different degrees, and summer is the highest (1.54), followed by spring (0.54). A more comfortable environment can be provided for people all day in summer and from 12:00 to 14:00 in spring and autumn. It can be seen that the optimization and improvement of plant community plays an important role in improving the ecological benefits of urban green space and urban ecological environment. The results can provide reference for the optimization and improvement of plant community structure, operation and management, and citizen leisure travel.