永磁同步电动机电磁振动特性及抑制措施

电磁振动水平是永磁同步电动机的重要评价指标之一,为了有效抑制永磁同步电动机的电磁振动,文中首先建立了转子永磁体磁动势、定子绕组电流磁动势与定子齿槽相互作用产生的径向电磁力的解析分析模型。然后建立了电机的变参数矢量控制系统的场路耦合联合分析模型,以一台11 kW内置式永磁同步电动机为样机,利用机械阻抗法得到了电机主要低阶电磁力产生的电磁振动噪声频谱,确定了对电机电磁振动起主要作用的低阶电磁力的频率。最后利用遗传-蚁群算法,研究了通过优化电机的定子齿槽参数有效削弱具有上述频率的低阶电磁力,从而有效抑制电机的电磁振动。结果显示,利用文中方法确定的定子齿槽参数能有效抑制电机的电磁振动,并且对电机的运行性能产生的影响较小。

Study on electromagnetic vibration characteristics and suppression methods for permanent magnet synchronous motor

The electromagnetic vibration level is one of the important evaluation indicators of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In order to effectively suppress the electromagnetic vibration of PMSM, the analytical analysis model of the radial electromagnetic force generated by the interaction of rotor permanent magnet magnetomotive force, stator winding current magnetomotive force and stator slot was established in this paper. Then the field-circuit coupling analysis model of the variable parameter vector control system of PMSM was established. Taking an 11 kW interior PMSM as a prototype, the acoustic frequency spectrum of the electromagnetic vibration noise generated by the main low-order electromagnetic force during the stable operation of the motor was obtained using the mechanical impedance method, and the frequency of the low-order electromagnetic force that plays a major role in the electromagnetic vibration of the motor was determined. At last, the genetic-ant colony algorithm was used to study weakening methods of the low order electromagnetic force with the above frequency by optimizing the stator slot parameters of the motor, so as to effectively suppress the electromagnetic vibration of the motor. The results show that the stator slot parameters determined by the method in this paper can effectively suppress the electromagnetic vibration of the motor, and have little impact on the operating performance of the motor.