数据同化--一种集成多源地理空间数据的新思路

陆面数据同化是一种集成多源地理空间数据的新思路。介绍了陆面数据同化系统的概念和组成，其核心思想是把不同来源、不同分辨率、直接和间接的观测数据与模型拟结果集成为具有时间一致性、空间一致性和物理一致性的各种地表状态的数据集。介绍了国际上目前正在发展的几个陆面数据同化系统，包括NASA发展的全球化和北美陆面数据同化系统、欧洲陆面数据同化系统和中国西部陆面数据同化系统。认为在陆面数据化系统基础上发展起来的陆地信息系统将可望成为未来GIS中的重要工具。

DATA ASSIMILATION:A NEW MEANS FOR MULTI-SOURCE GEOSPATIAL DATA INTEGRATION

Land data assimilation is a new means for multi-source geospatial data integration. We first introduced the conception and composition of the land data assimilation system (LDAS). Data assimilation is the method to integrate observations with model simulation results. The observations can be both direct and indirect data, from different sources and with variant resolutions. The output from a LDAS is datasets of land surface variables with spatiotemporal and physical consistence. We then reviewed major LDASs under development, which include the Global and North American Land Data Assimilation Systems developed by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), European Land Data Assimilation System, and Land Data Assimilation System for West China. We think that the Land Data Information System derived from LDAS will play a very important role in the new generation GIS.