载人飞船座舱内空气对流换热地面模拟

为了准确进行地面热平衡实验，验证载人飞船座舱热控制设计，运用相似理论对载人飞船座舱内空气的对流换热进行了相似分析，确定了地面热平衡实验时保持座舱内空气的对流换热与太空飞行时相似的准则是：“降低座舱中的空气压力，保持Ｇｒ相同，同时保持空气的质量流量及边界条件相同。”根据技术条件限制，提出了地面热平衡实验时座舱内空气对流换热的近似模拟方案，阐述了近似实验时座舱内空气状态的确定方法。通过数值求解一个简单的物理模型，说明了近似模拟实验方案的可行性。

Ground-test simulating of air heat convection in manned space capsule

In order to verify thermal control designs of manned space capsule by exact conducting ground thermal equilibrium test, a principle for keeping air heat convection in the capsule on the ground test the same as that in space flight was obtained through similar analysis. The principle is reducing air pressure in the capsule while keeping Gr and the mass flow rate and the boundary conditions on the ground the same as that in space flight. The approximate simulating method was presented according to limits of technical factors. The methods to determine the acceptable air pressure for approximate simulating were elaborated. The test method was confirmed by solving a simple numerical model.