明末清初江南作物栽培与灾害防治问题——以《补农书》为中心

张履祥的《补农书》作为中国农学史上的一部优秀作品，比较突出地总结了明末清初江南农业生产经验。以该书为中心的考察表明，江南一些农民在水稻、麦子、芋艿、洋芋、萝卜、白扁豆、瓜类等作物栽培中，精心讲究技术，采取多种行之有效的措施以防治灾害。他们努力克服自然环境的不利影响，为乡土社会文明建立良好的物质基础。

The Problem of Crop-cultivating and Disaster Preventing-controlling in Jiangnan From the End of Ming Dynasty to the Beginning of Qing Dynasty -- A Study Focusing on Supplement to the Book on Agriculture

As one of the excellent books in Chinese agronomy history, Zhang Lv-xiang＇ s Supplement to the Book on Agriculture summarized rather prominently the productive experience in Jiangnan agriculture from the end of the Ming dynasty to the beginning of the Qing dynasty. The study focusing on Zhang＇ s book shows that when some peasants in Jiangnan were cultivating crops, such as rice, wheat, Yunai, potatoes, radishes, white hyacinth bean, melon, etc, they carefully strived for technique, took lots of efficient measures to prevent and control disasters. They made great efforts to overcome the disadvantageous influence in the natural environment in order to build good material basis for the local social civilization.