大型渡槽-水耦合体系动力特性分析

以梁式渡槽为工程背景，采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)方法分析大型矩形、U形截面渡槽结构-水耦合体的动力特性，针对不同的水深研究渡槽结构在谐波激励、地震激励下的振动反应及水体对渡槽槽身的作用．研究结果表明，渡槽结构中水体的晃动具有明显的非线性特征，在一定的外激励下水体的晃动作用十分显著，水体晃动产生的动水压力将改变渡槽槽体中的应力分布，但是在渡槽结构截面深宽比合理的情况下，渡槽槽体不会发生横向失稳．对比矩形、U形渡槽-水耦合体系的动力特性可以发现，U形渡槽中水体的晃动幅度一般大于矩形渡槽中水体的晃动幅度，这对高排架渡槽结构的性能有显著影响，在渡槽抗震设计中应给予足够重视．

Analyses of the Dynamic Characteristics of Large-scale Aqueduct-water Coupling Systems

Based on beam-type aqueduct structures, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method was used to study the dynamic characteristics of large-scale rectangular and U-shaped aqueduct-water coupling systems. The vibration reactions of the aqueduct structures with different water levels to the harmonic excitation and earthquake action were then investigated, as well as the action of water to the aqueduct. The results indicate that the sloshing of water in the aqueduct is remarkably nonlinear, and that the sloshing action is very remarkable under certain external excitation. Meanwhile, the hydraulic pressure aroused by water sloshing will change the stress distribution in the aqueduct structure, without losing the transverse stability of the aqueduct structure if the ratio of depth to width of the aqueduct cross section is reasonable. By making a comparison of dynamic characteristics, it is found that the sloshing action of water in the U-shaped aqueduct is commonly more significant than that in the rectangular aqueduct, which greatly affects the behaviors of high frame-supported aqueduct structures to which great attention should be paid in the aseismic design of aqueduct structures.