油气集输管道的腐蚀速率预测研究进展

中国大多数油气田开发步入中后期，采出介质腐蚀性不断增强，导致油气集输管道频繁发生腐蚀、穿孔及泄漏。系统综述了油气集输管道的腐蚀环境、主要腐蚀类型、关键影响因素以及基于不同方法建立的腐蚀速率预测模型等方面的国内外研究进展。研究结果表明，油气集输管道的腐蚀环境恶劣、腐蚀风险较大，在油-气-水三相复杂流动状态下容易发生氢去极化腐蚀，主要两种腐蚀类型是均匀腐蚀和点蚀。同时，影响集输管道腐蚀的因素与流体介质和运行工况密切相关，导致腐蚀速率预测是一个非线性、多因素参与和交互的复杂问题。目前提出的主要三类腐蚀速率预测模型中，经典理论解析模型应用范围有限、精度欠佳；回归方程模型可以考虑更多的影响因素即提升了应用范围，但对于建立的高度复杂的表达式精度仍不足；但数值计算模型可以解决参数多样、关系交错且不连续的非线性问题，经过优化算法，模型的精度、适应性、可拓展性也会随之提升。进一步，展望了腐蚀速率预测模型的未来重点研究方向。

Review on Corrosion Fate Prediction of Oil and Gas Gathering Pipelines

The development of most domestic oil and gas fields are steped into the middle and late stage, and the increasing corrosiveness of the recovery medium results in frequent corrosion, perforation and leakage of oil and gas gathering pipelines. This paper systematically reviewed the research progress of oil and gas gathering pipelines both at home and aborad in terms of corrosion environment, main types of corrosion, key influencing factors, and the corrosion rate prediction models based on different methods. The results showed that the harsh corrosion environment of oil and gas gathering pipelines led to high risk of corrosion. And hydrogen depolarization corrosion were prone to occur under the complex three-phase flow state of oil,gas,and water, and uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion were two main corrosion types.. Meanwhile,The factors affecting the corrosion of gas gathering pipelines were closely related to fluid medium and operating conditions,.which made the prediction of corrosion rate become a complex problem with nonlinear, multi-factor participation and interaction. Among the three main corrosion rate prediction models, the analytic model of classical theory was only appled in limited scope, and its accuracy was poor as well. Although the regression equation model could improve the application scope by considering more influencing factors, its accuracy of establishing the highly complex expression was still insufficient. However, the numerical calculation model could solve the nonlinear problems with diverse parameters, staggered relations and discontinuity. Its accuracy, adaptability and extensibility could also be improved by optimizing algorithm. Whats more, the future research directions of corrosion rate prediction model were prospected in this paper.