基于三维多上行先导模型的高建筑物年雷击次数分析

为提高建筑物安全性，更准确评估建筑物雷击风险，利用三维多上行先导模型模拟雷击建筑物，计算出建筑物的年雷击次数。首先，通过改变模型中建筑物高度，闪电始发位置和闪电强度进行大量模拟，计算出闪电从不同位置始发时建筑物的雷击概率；然后，对建筑物上空一定范围内始发闪电进行总体分析，计算出不同高度建筑物的年雷击次数；最后得出一个利用建筑物高度和闪电强度计算的经验公式。结果表明：模拟得出的结果与观测结果相近，相较于《建筑物防雷设计规范》(GB 50057—2010)以及一些利用二维模型得出的经验公式，在一定程度上更精确的计算了建筑物的年雷击次数。

Analysis of Annual Lightning Strikes of Tall Buildings Based on the Multiple Upward Leaders Three-dimensional Model

In order to improve the safety of buildings and assess the lightning risk of buildings more accurately, the multiple upward leaders three-dimensional model is used to simulate lightning strikes on buildings, and the annual lightning strikes of buildings are calculated.Firstly, a large number of simulations were carried out by changing the height of buildings, the starting position of lightning and the intensity of lightning in the model, and the probability of lightning strike was calculated when lightning started from different positions.Then, the initial lightning in a certain area above the building is analyzed, and the annual lightning strikes of buildings with different heights are calculated.Finally, an empirical formula using building height and lightning intensity is obtained.The results show that the calculation results in this paper are close to the observation results, and compared with the empirical formula in the national standard, the annual lightning strike times of buildings can be calculated more accurately to a certain extent.