刺五加-灵芝双向固体发酵工艺优化及抗氧化活性评价

发酵中药是传统中药材精细高值化利用的有效途径，可以起到增效减毒、扩大适用范围等作用。通过双向固体发酵技术将药食同源的刺五加与灵芝有机结合，达到协同增效的目的。首先，通过单因素实验考察常规固体发酵参数的最适范围和微生物生长因子种类；其次，通过Box-Behnken设计和响应曲面优化，得到并验证最优的生长因子组合；最后，通过DPPH自由基清除能力、超氧化物歧化酶的活力和总抗氧化能力对发酵前后的刺五加提取物进行活性评价。结果表明，刺五加-灵芝双向发酵的最佳工艺为：粉碎粒度为10目，基质加水量为40%,菌丝体与固体基质的质量比为2∶1;最佳生长因子组合为：MnCl₂为84 mmol/kg、NaCl为56 mmol/kg、CaCl₂为149 mmol/kg;发酵后的刺五加提取物抗氧化活性显著增强，明显高于刺五加、灵芝及刺五加-灵芝混合提取物，提高了刺五加的保健功效，为系列大健康产品的开发提供了新的活性物质基础。

Optimization of the bi-directional solid fermentation process of Acanthopanax senticosus by Ganoderma lingzhi and evaluation of its antioxidant activity

Fermentation is an efficient strategy to utilize traditional Chinese medicine which can increase the efficacy, mitigate toxicity and expand the application of the fermented products. In this paper, bi-directional fermentation was conducted on the combination of edible Acanthopanax senticosus and Ganoderma lingzhi to achieve synergistic effects. Firstly, single element experiments were established to investigate the optimum range of conventional fermentation parameter and the growth factors for the microorganism. Thereafter, the best combination of growth factors was determined through Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. Finally, the antioxidant activity of Acanthopanax senticosus before and after fermentation was evaluated with the experiments of DPPH, SOD and total antioxidant capacity. As a result, the optimum settings for the fermentation process are as follows: substrate particle size is 10 mesh, substrate moisture is 40%, weight ratio of mycelium to substrate is 2:1. The best combination of growth factors is 84 mmol·Kg-1 for MnCl2, 56 mmol·Kg-1 for NaCl and 149 mmol·Kg-1 for CaCl2; After fermentation, the extract of fermented product demonstrates superior antioxidant activity to the extracts from Acanthopanax senticosus, Ganoderma lingzhi, and their combination. Hence the findings in this paper add value to the health benefits of Acanthopanax senticosus while providing new active substances for the development of a series of health products.