基于三维模型的衬砌生土窑居稳定性分析

在黄土高原上,数千万人居住在裸窑即无衬砌的窑洞中。在强降雨、地震等极端情况下,窑居的稳定性较差,为提高其安全性,探讨衬砌对窑居稳定性的影响。基于对河南陕县生土窑居的调研和测绘,建立窑居的三维模型,对比分析了衬砌前后窑居的位移、最大剪应变增量和衬砌的最大主应力、弯矩等参数的变化情况。结果表明,钢筋网喷射混凝土衬砌可极大提供窑居的稳定性。衬砌后,即使黄土的材料强度下降,窑居仍可正常使用。采取衬砌措施的窑居,在建造时可适当减小窑腿的宽度,以节约土地和增大室内使用面积。

The stability analysis of loess cave dwellings based on three-dimensional model

On the Loess Plateau, tens of millions of people live in caves, but under extreme case of heavy rain and earthquake, the stability of cave dwellings is poor. To improve the stability, the influence of lining is discussed in this paper. Based on the survey and mapping of loess cave dwellings in Shan City, Henan Province, the three-dimensional model is built, the displacement, maximum shear strain increment, lining"s maximum principal stress and bending moment are analyzed before and after lining. The results show that, the stability of cave dwellings will be improved when the reinforced shot-concrete used as lining. The cave dwellings with lining can be normally used even the strength of loess declines. The cave leg"s width can be decreased to increase the indoor area and save earth when lining is used.