果蝇分子群体遗传研究分析方法概述

果蝇属物种长期以来被作为基础生物学、特别是群体和进化遗传学的模式物种,来探讨生物学中的一些基本问题,如物种形成的遗传机制、新基因的起源及其方式、适应性进化的遗传机制等.群体遗传的方法贯穿于遗传学、生态学、古生物学、系统发育学等领域之中,已渐成为基础生物学研究的重要方法.围绕果蝇群体遗传研究中的3个主要问题,即起源地、群体历史动态和群体遗传结构,就当前用于分析上述问题的方法进行了概述,并强调了发展适用于多个座位数据的分析方法是将来的一个重要发展方向.

A brief introduction of analysis methods in Drosophila population genetics

Species of Drosophila have served as favorable models to address fundamental issues in population and evolutionary genetics,such as genetic mechanism of speciation,origin of new genes and its underlying mechanism,and genetic mechanism of adaptive evolution.Methods of population genetics have been increasingly applied to most subjects such as genetics,ecology,paleontology and systematics,thus becoming fundamental in general biology.The analysis methods for elucidating three basic issues in population genetics,especially population genetics of Drosophila are introduced,i.e.geographic origin,population demography,and population genetic structure.The importance of new methods for multi-loci data analyzing is emphasized.