碳减排背景下闭环供应链生产与回收策略研究

在碳税政策和消费者减排偏好的背景下，针对由制造商、零售商和回收商构成的闭环供应链，分别建立了无减排和减排两种情形下制造商主导的Stackelberg博弈模型，得到了闭环供应链的生产和回收策略，比较分析了2种情形下的均衡策略和供应链成员利润，并通过数值模拟讨论了碳税对生产和回收策略的影响。研究表明，制造商采取减排策略是应对碳税政策的有效措施；当碳税水平低于消费者减排偏好系数时，制造商减排后零售商的订购量并没有因产品的批发价格提高而减少，反而是增多；消费者减排偏好系数的增大和减排投资规模系数的减小会使供应链多减排、多生产和多回收；随着碳税水平的增大，产品的单位碳减排量提高，废旧产品的回收率上升，但制造商的利润和闭环供应链系统的效益却下降。

The Production and Recycling Strategy for Closed-Loop Supply Chain at the Background of Carbon Emission Reduction

Based on carbon tax and consumers’low-carbon awareness,the manufacturer Stackelberg model for both reducing and no reducing carbon emission scenarios is proposed,which closed-loop supply chain is consist of a man-ufacturer,a retailer and a recycler. The optimal strategies of closed-loop supply chain are obtained. Then,the equi-librium solutions and profits is contrasted in two scenarios,and the influences of carbon tax is analyzed by some nu-merical examples. The result shows that,it is effective countermeasures for carbon tax that the manufacturer reduces carbon emission,and when carbon tax is lower than consumers’low-carbon awareness,the retailer’s order quantity don’t decrease because of advancing the wholesale price,but increase. The increase of consumers’low-carbon awareness and the decrease of the investment-reduce-emission scaling parameter both can increase emission reduc-tion,production quantity and recycling rate. The unit emission reduction and the recycling rate of used products are increased with the increasing of carbon tax,while the manufacturer’s profit and the supply chain’s performance are declined.