豇豆品种品质性状及其遗传参数分析

按照随机区组设计进行10个豇豆品种比较试验,以商品成熟豆荚鲜样观测荚色、荚长、荚重和维生素C含量,以干样测定可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质及粗纤维含量等品质性状,并估计了主要品质性状的遗传参数等.结果表明,供试品种单荚长、单荚重和含水量的变幅分别为26.90～64.00cm、9.82～21.02g和89.35%～90.96%,维生素C含量平均值为19.81mg/100g,变幅为18.24～24.00mg/100g.可溶性糖含量平均值为3.20%,变幅为1.09%～5.68%.可溶性蛋白质含量平均值为0.43mg/g,变幅为0.29～0.59mg/g.粗纤维含量平均值为11.77%,变幅为9.59%～13.26%.后4种主要品质性状的广义遗传力(h2%)均在97%以上,但其遗传变异系数差异较大.根据品质性状表现,按照欧氏距离之离差平方和法进行聚类,供试10个品种分为两个品种群.对品种品质性状作了综合评价并讨论了遗传参数与育种利用.

Estimates of Genetic Parameters for Fresh Pod Quality Characters in Asparagus Bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) ssp. sesquipedalis Verd.)

A comparative test for ten asparagus bean cultivars were conducted according to the randomized block design with three duplicates. After the commodity mature bean pods were picked stochastically from various plots,the fresh pod quality characters were determined. The results sho-wed that their pod length,pod weight and water content vary from 26.90 cm to 64.00 cm,9.82 g to 21.02 g and 89.35% to 90.96%,respectively. The mean content of Vitamin C is 19.81mg/100g(fresh weight) and ranges from 18.24 mg/100g to 24.00 mg/100g. Using the dry matter,the contents of soluble sugars,soluble proteins and crude fibers were determined with the mean value of 3.20%,0.43mg/g and 11.77%,respectively. Furthermore,they vary from 1.09% to 5.68%,0.29 mg/g to 0.59mg/g and 9.59% to 13.26%,respectively. The later four characters differed significantly from cultivars according to ANOVA. And then their genetic parameters were estimated. They revealed that their generalized hereditability(h2%) are higher than 97%,but their coefficients of genetic variation are different. Based on Ward's distances estimated for the sum of square variance in their values,all the cultivars were classified into two clusters. A comprehensive evaluation for cultivars quality characters and their genetic utilization was discussed.