气候变化与道德责任的多语义性辨析

气候责任是一种人为的伤害,但当对照标准责任概念分析时,又发现存在诸多困境.本文根据哈特对道德责任概念的多语义性分类,对气候责任进行了分析,认为:无论个人还是国家都不可能完全被排除在气候责任之外,个人要承担角色责任和美德责任,而国家要承担能力责任、角色责任和美德责任,发达国家还要承担补偿责任.

A Multi-Taxonomic Analysis of Climate Change and Moral Responsibility

Climate responsibility is a kind of anthropogenic harm,as compared with the standard concept of responsibility,we find there are many troubles.According to Hart’s taxonomy of the concept of moral responsibility,we analyzes climate responsibility,and thought:whether individuals or countries might not be completely excluded from climate responsibility.Individual should hold role responsibility and virtue responsibility,countries should bear the capacity responsibility,role responsibility,and virtue responsibility,meanwhile,developed countries need to hold the liability responsibility.