“真”是否有本质——基于真理符合论与紧缩论的比较

传统意义上的真之符合论把"真"理解为思想与世界的关系,强调"真"的属性与作用;真之紧缩论则以真的透明性为直觉,涵盖了包括弗雷格紧缩思想、冗余论、代语句理论和极小主义理论在内的几种理论,这些理论的核心思想认为真谓词仅仅起着逻辑句法作用,它的出现不能给语句增添任何实体属性。于是,"真是否有本质"成为符合论与紧缩论争论的焦点,这一争论也成为区分不同真之理论的新标准。

The Debate of Whether Truth has a Nuture——comparing the correspondence theory of truth with deflationism

As the representative of the robust theories of truth,Correspondence theory of truth focus on the substance and effect of the term "is true".But all deflationists don’t agree this opinions.Deflationists think that the term "is true" doesn’t add any physical property to the statement and it comes from people’s intuitive understanding: When we consider the sentence "rose is red is true",we seem to consider the sentence "rose is red" through the term "is true",which is from the determine intuition of "is true".This paper will demonstrate the view on the base of several classical deflationisms.First,we consider Frege’s thought as the initial of deflationism;second,Ramsey’s redundancy;third,prosentential theory of truth;finally,the most representative of deflationism is Horwich’s minimal theory,because Horwich would argue that the term "is true" can not attribute some property to object.In a word,"true" has not a nature of physical property,but only has a logical property,the term "is true" exists for some logical need.Through the two comparisons,we will recognize that the focus of deflationism is the term "is true" in the field of language,but robust theories of truth focus on the substance and effect of the term "is true",which belong to the field of metaphysics.According to "whether truth has a nature",the theory of truth can be classified into two categories: robust theories of truth and deflationism.