基于3S村域农田能流空间演化研究

对河南省巩义市吴沟村退耕还林后剩余的137块农田的属性及能量投入产出特征进行调查，并与2002年调查数据对比分析后发现，剩余的地块具有如下特征：①农田主要集中在吴沟公路两旁以及居民区周围；②农户耕地的分布相对较为零散；③村域大块农田主要分布在狭长居民区两侧的外沟和里沟；④农田种植结构比较单一。吴沟村的农田能量投入结构发生了较大变化：化肥、农药、农机具及水电等无机能增加，有机肥和劳力则相对减少。与2002年相比，农田单位面积投入能减少，但产出能却大大增加，产投效率明显提高；农田系统能量投入结构中，有机肥、劳力仍占较大比例，但与21302年相比增加了少部分农药、农机具、水电和化肥的投入，即使总投入能减少，产出能也得到了极大提高。吴沟村正在转变为低投入、高产出、高效率的农田生态系统。图6，表1，参14。

Study on 3S-Based Spatial Evolution of Energy Flux process of Farmland System

We investigate 137 farmlands' properties and energetic input-output features which remain after returning farmland to forests in Wu-gou Village, and make comparatively analyses of the data and the survey data in 2002. We find that the remaining farmlands have the following characteristics: first,farmlands mainly distribute on both sides of the highway in Wugou Village and the surrounding residential areas; second, the distribution of rural households' arable lands relatively scatters; third, large farmlands mainly distribute on both sides of narrow and long residential areas;and fourth,the agricultural crop structure is relatively single. Wugou village energetic input structure changed: inorganic energy increases,such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural machinery, utilities and so on, while organic fertilizer and labor are relatively less.Compared to 2002, the farmland input energy per unit area decreases, however, output energy greatly increases and the input-output efficiency markedly improves. Organic fertilizer and labor still have a large proportion in the energetic input structure of farmland system, but compared to 2002,a few of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural machinery, utilities increase.Though the total input energy reduces,output energy has a great improvement.The system in Wugou Village is being transformed into a low-input,high-output,high efficiency,farmland eco -economic system.