锌超标地下水的处理方法

重金属对中国地下水造成了不同程度的污染,一些地区的地下水中锌的含量已严重超过标准限值,这对当地居民的身体健康造成了严重威胁,但目前中国对于锌超标地下水处理方法的研究却较少。因此对于地下水锌超标地区,寻找效果较好、适用于饮用水的处理方法对于提高饮用水水质、保护人体健康意义重大。在综述地下水中锌污染现状、饮用水中锌含量的基础上,分析了可用于饮用水处理的膜法、吸附法和离子交换法等方法用于去除水中锌的特性与差异,并对这些方法存在的不足和未来发展趋势进行了探讨,分析表明,吸附法和离子交换法用于地下水除锌处理尚有不足,反渗透则相对较适用,即前置超滤或纳滤的反渗透工艺可作为地下水处理设施改造的优选方案。明确的工艺取向对锌超标地下水处理与设施升级改造具有重要指导意义。

The treatment process for groundwater with excessive zinc content

In recent years, the groundwater in China has been polluted by heavy metals to varying degrees, and the zinc content of groundwater in some areas has seriously exceeded the national standard. However, there are few researches on the treatment methods of groundwater exceeding zinc. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a good treatment method suitable for drinking water for improving drinking water quality and protecting human health in areas where only the groundwater with excessive zinc can be used as water source. Based on the review of zinc pollution in groundwater and zinc content in drinking water, the characteristics and differences of zinc ions removal by process of membrane, adsorption and ion exchange suitable for drinking water treatment were analyzed, and the application and development trend of the process in the future ware prospected. Finally, it was suggested that there were still shortcomings in adsorption and ion exchange while RO was the most suitable process for zinc removal from groundwater, and UF-RO or NF-RO process could be used as the preferred plan for the reconstruction of groundwater treatment facilities, which would provide great guiding significance for the selection of the treatment process of groundwater with excessive zinc.