我国环境规制对木材加工业全球价值链地位的影响

【目的】通过分析木材加工业的省际数据,探究不同省份环境规制对于其木材加工业全球价值链地位的影响,进而促进开放情境下林业经济与环境保护之间协调发展。【方法】鉴于省域政策、资源禀赋以及经济水平存在异质性,考虑到地区间的空间溢出效应,采用空间Dubin模型,将命令控制型和市场激励型正式环境规制以及非正式环境规制同时纳入模型,并综合考虑“波特假说”和“污染避难所”等理论假说,将中国海关进出口数据库和中国工业企业数据库的微观企业数据进行匹配并结合省级数据,考察了中国环境规制措施对木材加工业参与全球分工的影响。【结果】环境规制强度提高,可有效促进本省木材加工业参与全球价值链,同时会对周边省份木材加工业参与全球价值链存在负向影响。包括命令控制型以及市场激励型的正式环境规制对周边地区木材加工业参与全球价值链的外部性影响存在U型特征,而非正式环境规制强度对木材加工业参与全球价值链的外部性影响不存在U型特征。【结论】中国的环境规制强度整体上呈现上升趋势,且当区域的环境规制强度提升时有利于当地木材加工业全球价值链地位的提升,而对于周边省份则会有负外部性。命令控制型等正式环境规制应当做到“疏堵结合”,企业要根据环境规制的引导“顺势而为”。

Effects of China’s environmental regulations on the global value chain status of wood processing industry

【Objective】By researching the wood processing industry using provincial data, this paper explores the different provincial environmental regulations for the wood processing industry and the status of the global value chain, and promotes coordinated development between the economy and environment protection of forestry.【Method】In view of the heterogeneity of provincial policies, resource endowments and economic levels, and taking into account the spatial spillover effects between regions, this paper used the spatial Dubin model, integrating the command control type, market incentive type formal environmental regulations and informal environmental regulations into the model, and explored theoretical hypotheses such as the “Porter Hypothesis” and “pollution refuge”. By matching the enterprise data from the China customs import and export database and the China industrial enterprise database, combined with provincial data, this paper investigated the impact of China’s environmental regulation measures on the participation of the wood processing industry in the global division of labor. 【Result】 Results show that increasing the intensity of environmental regulations can effectively promote the participation of the local wood processing industry in the global value chain. It will, however, have a negative impact on the participation of the wood processing industry in neighboring provinces in global value chain. The externalities of formal environmental regulations including command-and-control and market-motivated regulations have a U-shaped effect on the participation of the wood processing industry in the global value chain in surrounding areas, while the intensity of informal environmental regulations does not have a U-shaped effect for the participation of the wood processing industry in the global value chain. 【Covnclusion】 China’s environmental regulation intensity shows an overall upward trend, and the improvement of regional environmental regulation intensity is conducive to the improvement of the global value chain status of the local wood processing industry, while there will be negative externalities for surrounding provinces. This paper puts forward some policy suggestions, including that command-and-control formal environmental regulations should be combined with dredging and blocking, and enterprises should “follow the trend” according to the guidance of environmental regulations.