杭州雨水花园植物应用现状研究

【目的】运用实地调研法,针对已建成的城市雨水花园项目,从植物资源应用的角度进行多指标调查评价,分析存在的问题,为相关研究提供参考。【方法】依据杭州市雨水花园分布情况,选取17个代表性雨水花园,从植物资源的总体应用现状、植物观赏特性、不同场地植物种数及结构模式、不同雨水处理区植物生态特性和种类等方面进行研究。【结果】①雨水花园灌木和草本的种类较多,草本植物数量最多,乔木应用较少;②在蓄水区以耐干旱、耐水湿、抗污染能力及净化能力强的植物为主,在缓冲区以较耐干旱、耐短期水湿及抗雨水冲刷能力强的植物为主,在边缘区以较耐干旱、较耐水湿的植物为主;③植物有66种,隶属于36科51属,被子植物种类最多,占比在90%以上;④应用较多的主要有禾本科、蔷薇科、莎草科、杉科、豆科植物;⑤草本植物以多年生为主,灌木的常绿和落叶比例相差不大,乔木以落叶植物为主;⑥观花植物占比最大(53.03%),色系较丰富,其中紫色系和白色系植物最多。【结论】杭州市雨水花园植物资源总体应用现状良好,但也存在部分问题有待改进。本研究将为雨水花园植物资源的应用和优化提供启示和借鉴。

Research on the application status of plants in rain gardens in Hangzhou

【Objective】 Using the field research method,this research is aiming at the constructed urban rain garden projects, from the perspective of the plant resource application, multiindex investigation and evaluation was carried out, the existing problems and optimization strategies were analyzed, in order to provide the inspiration for rain garden. 【Method】 According to the distribution of rain gardens in Hangzhou urban area, 17 representative rain gardens were selected to be researched on them from the overall application status of plants, plant ornamental characteristics, plant species and structural patterns in different sites and plant ecological characteristics and types in different rainwater treatment areas. 【Result】 (1) There are various types of shrubs and herbs in the rain gardens, where the number of herbs is dominant, while the application of trees is relative less; (2) In the water storage area, the plants that are more drought resistance, water resistance, pollution resistance and purification ability are mainly planted. In the buffer area, plants that are more resistant to drought, short-term moisture and rain erosion are mainly planted. In the marginal area, plants that are more drought-tolerant and more moisture-resistant are mainly planted; (3) There are 66 kinds of plants, which belong to 36 families and 51 genera, with the most species of angiosperms, accounting for more than 90%; (4) The most widely used plants are in Gramineae, Rosaceae, Cyperaceae, Cedaraceae and Leguminosae; (5) Herbaceous plants are mainly perennial, the proportion of evergreen and deciduous shrubs is not much different, and trees are mainly deciduous plants; (6) The proportion of ornamental plants is the largest, accounting for 53.03%, and the colors are rich, among which the purple and white plants are accounting for the most. 【Conclusion】 The overall application status of plant resources is good, but there are also some rain gardens that need to be expanded and enriched in species diversity, such as a lack of plant landscape hues and seasonal richness, a single plant hierarchy, unreasonable plant configuration in some places, and poor plant maintenance in some sites and other issues to be optimized.