阶梯式水价方案的定价策略研究

合理的水价不仅能够优化水资源配置，提高水资源的使用效率，也能改善全社会的总体福利水平，因此如何科学地制定水价一直是备受关注的问题。本文在深入分析现有水价研究和制定状况的基础上，采用Ramsey模型制定出一组阶梯武水价，该水价能够在水厂收回成本的前提下实现社会福利的最大化。此外算例分析的结果表明，Ramsey定价方案与平均成本法定价方案相比，前者通过“惩罚”用水量较高的消费者，实现对节约用水者的补贴。Ramsey定价方案实现了激励节约用水、减轻低收入者和水厂的财务压力等多个目标的平衡，为我国未来阶梯式水价方案的制定提供一种新的思路和方法。

Study on Pricing Strategy of Increasing Block Tariffs

Rational water tariffs can improve efficiency of resource allocation and using,even social welfare of citizens.So it is always a big concern of the government and scholars how to design proper water rates.Ramsey model is adopted in this article to get increasing block tariffs(IBT for short)which maximize social welfare while ensuring full recovery of costs of water supply.Calculations of an example show that,compared with average cost pricing,IBT subsidize moderate water users by punishing extravagant users...