平衡辐射统计理论的探讨

运用经典统计物理理论对平衡辐射进行研究,存在着致命的缺陷,主要原因是经典统计物理理论把平衡辐射场看作是由无穷多个单色平面波的叠加,按能量均分定理,每个单色平面波具有一定的能量值,因而平衡辐射场的总能量将趋于无穷大。要正确解决经典统计物理对平衡辐射的缺陷,需要用量子统计物理理论来研究。量子统计理论认为,平衡辐射是由大量光子组成,光子的自旋量子数为1,满足玻色分布,从而能得到与实际完全相符的结论,即普朗克公式。利用普朗克公式还可以得出瑞利-金斯公式以及维恩公式等其他一些重要结论。

Discussion on Statistical Theory of Radiation Balance

Using the classical theory of statistical physics to equilibrium radiation research,there is a fatal flaw,the main reason is the classical statistical physics theory of the radiation field is by an infinite number of monochromatic plane wave superposition,according to the theorem of equipartition of energy,each monochromatic plane wave has a certain energy values,thus balancing the radiation field,total energy tending to infinity.The solution to the classical statistical physics to equilibrium radiation defects,needs to use the quantum statistical physics theory to study.Quantum statistical theory,equilibrium radiation is composed of a large number of photon,photon spin quantum number is 1,meet the Bose distribution,thus can get with the actual consistent conclusion,namely the Planck formula.Using the Planck formula can also draw Rayleigh-Jeans formula and Wien formula and other some important conclusion.